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Research Methods
Assignment 3 – Large Language Models: LLM Coding and Report
This individual assessment for the Research Methods module focuses on the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to a practical data science problem. The assignment is worth 25% of the module and is designed to develop students’ knowledge and understanding of research methods, investigative planning, data analysis, model evaluation and effective technical communication. Students are required to complete both a coding component and a concise written report demonstrating how an LLM has been selected, trained or fine-tuned, applied to a suitable task and evaluated against an appropriate baseline. The assessment begins with familiarisation with relevant literature. Students are expected to investigate the history and development of their chosen problem and examine the methods that have previously been used to address it. The brief provides key papers on common types of LLMs as a starting point for the literature review. Students then select a task that can be addressed through fine-tuning an LLM, with examples including sentiment analysis, fake news detection and topic classification. A publicly available dataset suitable for the selected text-classification problem must also be identified. Suggested sources include Kaggle and Hugging Face Datasets. The data must be appropriately preprocessed, including tokenisation using BERT's tokenizer and division into training and testing sets. Students then fine-tune a pre-trained BERT or BERT-style model using suitable tools such as the Hugging Face Transformers library and PyTorch. Possible model choices include BERT, RoBERTa and T5. The selected model should be appropriate for the specific problem, recognising that different language models may perform differently across tasks. Students are expected to implement a suitable training process using an appropriate optimiser and loss function. Model performance must be evaluated using relevant classification metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. The performance of the selected LLM should also be compared with a baseline model, such as Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes or a pre-trained BERT model. The analysis should explain the results and consider their relevance to the chosen problem. Two main submission components are required. The first is a code notebook, such as a Jupyter or Google Colab notebook, containing annotations explaining the purpose and operation of the relevant code so that another person can understand and reproduce the work. The second is a report of no more than three pages, including appropriate figures, tables and references. The report should cover the motivation and dataset, methodology, model training and evaluation, results and discussion, limitations, conclusion and possible future improvements. The assessment rubric places particular emphasis on coding quality and implementation, model architecture, analysis and interpretation, and report presentation. Strong work should demonstrate well-structured and reusable code, clear explanation of the model architecture and configuration, appropriate evaluation metrics and visualisations, meaningful comparison with relevant literature or baseline models, and critical evaluation of the model's success and possible improvements.
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Applied Modelling and Visualisation
2,500 words
Applied Modelling and Visualisation – Hexawing Airways Passenger Satisfaction Analysis
This assessment is a 2,500-word consultancy report for the Applied Modelling and Visualisation module within the MSc Management with Data Analytics programme at BPP University. The assignment requires students to work as Data Analytics Consultants for the fictional Hexawing Airways and analyse a passenger satisfaction dataset containing more than 103,000 records from the airline's database. The purpose of the assessment is to apply machine learning, data analysis and visualisation techniques to identify factors that influence passenger satisfaction and communicate meaningful findings to a varied corporate audience, including the Chief Executive Officer, senior flight personnel and cabin crew. The dataset contains a range of passenger and flight-related features, including gender, satisfaction status, age, age band, type of travel, travel class, flight distance, destination, continent and ratings for services such as inflight Wi-Fi, online booking, gate location, food and drink, online boarding, seat comfort, inflight entertainment, onboard service, leg room, baggage handling, check-in service, inflight service and cleanliness. It also includes departure and arrival delay information. These variables provide the basis for exploratory analysis, predictive modelling and visual communication of passenger satisfaction patterns. The assessment requires the development of a data-driven solution using Python and relevant Python libraries. Students must follow an established analytical methodology such as PPDAC or CRISP-DM and demonstrate an Extract, Transform and Load process, data preparation, exploratory data analysis and appropriate visualisations. Two analytical models must be selected, trained and tested to predict passenger satisfaction. The available modelling approaches include Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Bagging, Random Forest, AdaBoost, XGBoost, Artificial Neural Networks or another appropriate state-of-the-art algorithm. The second task requires critical analysis of the two selected models, including their strengths and limitations, an explanation of the chosen loss function, discussion of accuracy metrics and a comparison table of model performance. The third task focuses on communicating findings through data visualisation, including outputs such as correlation matrices, heat maps and confusion matrices. The analysis should explain how exploratory data analysis guided model selection and how visualisation techniques communicate insights effectively. The final report should demonstrate the ability to formulate data-driven solutions, critically evaluate analytical models and appraise data visualisation techniques. The assessment also requires independent research, appropriate academic referencing and supporting evidence from the analytical process. A pre-run Python notebook must be embedded in the MS Word submission or provided through an appropriate shared link.
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Data Mining
Data Mining – Classification, Model Optimisation and Evaluation
This individual Data Mining assignment requires students to apply the techniques covered in the module using the WEKA data mining platform. The assessment is worth 40% and focuses on practical application of machine learning and data mining methods, requiring students to configure algorithms, analyse datasets, optimise model parameters, evaluate classification performance and explain their technical choices and results. The assignment also assesses the ability to critically evaluate different algorithms and models of data mining. The assignment includes several tasks covering different stages of the data mining process. Students are required to work with supplied datasets and use appropriate preprocessing and classification techniques. The datasets include a balanced screenshot dataset containing processed screenshots classified into categories such as "Okay" and "Bad", where the objective is to train a model capable of identifying inappropriate content. The data has been processed using PCA to provide a smaller four-dimensional representation while protecting privacy and reducing the size of the data. Another supplied dataset concerns furniture reviews, containing positive ("pos") and negative ("neg") written feedback, with the objective of building a model that can determine whether a furniture review belongs to either class. The assessment evaluates students' ability to understand and describe the datasets, including the number of instances, number of columns, data types and relevant statistical information. For text-based data, students must apply appropriate vectorisation and describe the resulting dataset characteristics. Students must also consider class imbalance and apply an appropriate method where necessary, explaining how the chosen approach affects the distribution of instances between the classes. A significant component of the assignment involves classification algorithms and parameter optimisation. The assessment requires students to work with algorithms including Naive Bayes, LibSVM and J48. Students must investigate appropriate parameters and perform parameter searches or fine grid searches to identify suitable configurations. They must explain the selected parameters, their impact on the model and the reasoning behind the chosen values. Model performance must be evaluated using appropriate validation techniques, including cross-validation. Students are required to compare the algorithms using results such as overall accuracy and confusion matrices. The assignment expects students to identify an appropriate or best-performing algorithm in the context of the dataset and to provide a clear explanation of the comparison rather than simply reporting numerical results. The rubric places emphasis on accurate configuration, clear explanation of parameter choices, dataset analysis, class-balance treatment, parameter optimisation, cross-validation and critical comparison of algorithm strengths and weaknesses. High-quality work should explain both the technical process and the implications of the results, with results presented clearly through appropriate tables, confusion matrices and graphical outputs where required. The submission must be a single PDF document containing the report and must not exceed 10 pages. Students are instructed to include their student ID at the beginning of the report but not their name or other identifying details so that marking remains anonymous. Screenshots are specifically required to demonstrate use of the student's ID number as the random seed; other WEKA results should be presented in the student's own tables or result formats. The brief also states that no research beyond the material covered in the module is required and therefore no citations or reference list are required. The assignment explicitly prohibits the use of Generative AI tools for creating content and prohibits using GenAI tools or proofreading services for proofreading. Students are expected to complete the practical work themselves and explain their own technical choices and results.
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Machine Learning / Data Mining / Text Mining
Machine Learning Analysis of Classification Models and Text Mining on Furniture Review Data
This technical machine-learning report demonstrates the practical application of predictive modelling and text mining using WEKA. The work is divided into two major tasks. The first evaluates and compares Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree classification models, while the second applies text-mining techniques to furniture-review data and compares multiple classifiers after preprocessing, feature selection and class balancing. The first task uses the Screenshots.arff dataset to investigate the performance of libSVM and J48 Decision Tree classifiers. A 70% training and 30% testing split is applied, and the models are manually tuned to examine how different parameter settings affect predictive performance. For libSVM, an RBF kernel is used while different gamma and cost values are tested through grid-search-style experimentation. The report identifies gamma 0.03 and cost 2 as the strongest tested combination, producing approximately 91.67% accuracy on the test split. The J48 model is also optimised by adjusting the confidence factor used for pruning. Several confidence-factor values are examined, with 0.09 producing the strongest reported result of 80% accuracy. The optimised SVM and J48 models are then compared using five-fold cross-validation, where libSVM achieves 89.75% accuracy compared with 81.25% for J48. The second task focuses on text mining of Furniture Reviews. Text preprocessing includes TF-IDF term weighting, stopword removal, stemming, conversion to lowercase and word-count generation. The resulting textual dataset is transformed into a numerical feature representation suitable for machine-learning classification. Dimensionality reduction is performed using InfoGainAttributeEval with Ranker, selecting the 900 most informative attributes. The dataset is then balanced using WEKA techniques including Resample and SpreadSubsample to reduce class bias before classification. Finally, three classifiers—Naive Bayes, libSVM and J48—are evaluated on the balanced text dataset. The reported accuracies are 90.52% for Naive Bayes, 58.62% for libSVM and 78.45% for J48. The analysis concludes that Naive Bayes performs strongest for the processed furniture-review dataset, while the wider exercise demonstrates the importance of preprocessing, parameter tuning, feature selection, class balancing and appropriate model evaluation in producing reliable classification results. Important: this upload appears to be the completed student report, not the actual assessment guideline. Because the document does not state the university, module name, academic level, academic year, required word count or prescribed referencing style, I would leave those fields as Not specified rather than guessing.
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